In this Act, unless the subject or context otherwise requires,–
(a) "Environment" means natural, cultural and social systems, economic and human activities and their components and the interactions and interrelationships between those components.
(b) "Pollution" means an activity that directly or indirectly changes the environment by causing significant deterioration in the environment, causing damage or harming the beneficial or useful purposes of the environment.
(c) "Conservation" means the protection, care, maintenance, promotion, management and utilization of the environment and national heritage.
(d) "Proposal" means a proposal prepared in connection with the implementation of any plan, project or program of development work, physical activity or change of land use that may bring changes in the existing environmental conditions.
(e) "Proposer" means a person, government, semi-government or non-government body or organization who submits an application for the approval of the proposal and receives approval to implement such proposal.
(f) "Preliminary environmental test" means an analytical study and evaluation report prepared to ascertain whether or not the proposal will have a significant adverse impact on the environment during implementation, and whether or not such impact can be eliminated or reduced by any means.
(g) "Environmental impact assessment" means a detailed study and evaluation report prepared to ascertain whether or not the proposal will have a significant adverse impact on the environment during the implementation of a proposal, whether or not such impact can be eliminated or reduced by any means.
(h) "Waste" means liquid, solid, gas, mud, smoke, dust, radioactive elements or substances or other similar items released in a way that degrades the environment.
(i) "Exhaustion" means noise, heat or waste disposal, dumping, etcIt should be remembered the act of issuing.
(j) "Biological diversity" means ecosystem diversity, species diversity and genetic diversity.
(k) "National heritage" means any object, site, flora and fauna related to the environment of Nepal which is considered important for the human race from the natural, cultural, historical, archaeological, scientific, spiritual, aesthetic or social point of view.
(l) "Ministry" means the Ministry of the Government of Nepal which deals with environmental issues.
(d) "Prescribed" or "as prescribed" means prescribed or prescribed in the rules made under this Act.