(1) A document or anything mentioned in a document should be proved by presenting the document itself. Explanation: For the purposes of this clause, "document" means any matter contained in a digital or electronic record or any printed or stored optical or electro-magnetic form, or published or "republished" digital or electronic material or a copy of such material.
(2) Notwithstanding anything written in sub-section (1), in the following cases any document or any thing mentioned in the document may be proved by a photograph, copy or duly obtained copy of the said document or by oral evidence:
(a) if it is proved that the document is in possession of the person against whom it is sought to be proved, or
(b) if the court is unable to issue a deadline to the person who is with the document or if the person fails to produce the document after the deadline, or (c) if the document is proved to be lost or destroyed, or
(d) The document cannot be easily picked up and produced in the court
(e) In case of the nature of the document, it is not with the party who wants to present the document. However, in the case of the document under this section, it shall be mandatory to submit such a copy when the party can obtain a copy in accordance with the law.
(3) Notwithstanding anything written in sub-sections (1) and (2), decisions or orders made by the Government of Nepal or records kept can be verified by submitting a document certified by the relevant officer in accordance with the prevailing Nepalese laws.