1. Background

Although climate change is a regular natural process, climate change has accelerated due to the excessive emission of greenhouse gases due to the widespread use of mineral fuels in the industrialization and transportation sectors and deforestation. After the report of the Intergovernmental Forum on Scientific Studies and Climate Change confirmed the prevalence of climate change, the General Assembly of the United Nations called for the creation of an international legal structure to address the global problem of climate change. Accordingly, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change was prepared in May 1992 at the initiative of the Intergovernmental Negotiations Committee. This Convention was opened for signature during the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in June 1992. Nepal has been a party since 1994 when Nepal signed this Convention on 12 June 1992. The fourth assessment report published by the IPCC in 2007 has clarified the fact that climate change is accelerating due to human activities. Due to the increase in the emission of greenhouse gases, the climate is also changing according to the location. Due to climate change, there has been a change in the rainfall process (heavy rain, lack of rain, heavy rain) and also in the season. This has directly and indirectly affected various areas related to water resources, agriculture, forest and biological diversity, health, disaster, infrastructure development, tourism and livelihood. Keeping this in mind, the world community is working today to minimize the adverse effects caused by climate change through the effective implementation of the convention. The effects of climate change are especially seen in poor, developing, landlocked and mountainous countries. Since Nepal is also greatly affected by climate change, it should be addressed by the mountainous areas including the mountains and Terai, the people here and their livelihoods and livelihoods.It is imperative to make policy arrangements and implement programs to minimize the impact on the economic system (ecosystem) and the potential impact.